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T-1
ELEMENTS OF GEAR TECHNOLOGY
Table of Contents
Page
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION TO METRIC GEARS .................................................. T-7
1.1
Comparison Of Metric Gears With American Inch Gears .................................... T-8
1.1.1
Comparison of Basic Racks .................................................................... T-8
1.1.2
Metric ISO Basic Rack ............................................................................. T-8
1.1.3
Comparison of Gear Calculation Equations ........................................... T-9
1.2
Metric Standards Worldwide .................................................................................. T-9
1.2.1
ISO Standards .......................................................................................... T-9
1.2.2
Foreign Metric Standards ........................................................................ T-9
1.3
Japanese Metric Standards In This Text ............................................................... T-9
1.3.1
Application of JIS Standards ................................................................... T-9
1.3.2
Symbols .................................................................................................... T-13
1.3.3
Terminology .............................................................................................. T-16
1.3.4
Conversion ................................................................................................ T-16
SECTION 2
INTRODUCTION TO GEAR TECHNOLOGY ........................................ T-17
2.1
Basic Geometry Of Spur Gears .............................................................................. T-17
2.2
The Law Of Gearing ................................................................................................ T-19
2.3
The Involute Curve .................................................................................................. T-19
2.4
Pitch Circles ............................................................................................................. T-20
2.5
Pitch And Module .................................................................................................... T-20
2.6
Module Sizes And Standards ................................................................................. T-21
2.7
Gear Types And Axial Arrangements .................................................................... T-26
2.7.1
Parallel Axes Gears ................................................................................. T-26
2.7.2
Intersecting Axes Gears .......................................................................... T-28
2.7.3
Nonparallel and Nonintersecting Axes Gears ........................................ T-28
2.7.4
Other Special Gears ................................................................................ T-29
SECTION 3
DETAILS OF INVOLUTE GEARING ...................................................... T-30
3.1
Pressure Angle ........................................................................................................ T-30
3.2
Proper Meshing And Contact Ratio ....................................................................... T-30
3.2.1
Contact Ratio ............................................................................................ T-32
3.3
The Involute Function ............................................................................................. T-32
SECTION 4
SPUR GEAR CALCULATIONS .............................................................. T-34
4.1
Standard Spur Gear ................................................................................................ T-34
4.2
The Generating Of A Spur Gear ............................................................................ T-35
4.3
Undercutting ............................................................................................................ T-36
4.4
Enlarged Pinions ..................................................................................................... T-37
4.5
Profile Shifting ......................................................................................................... T-37
4.6
Profile Shifted Spur Gear ........................................................................................ T-39
4.7
Rack And Spur Gear ............................................................................................... T-41