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T-149 In the general case when the shaft angle is not  90°,  as  in  Figure  16-15,  the  driver  screw gear has the same forces as for a worm mesh. These are expressed in Equations (16-24). Fu1 = Fn(cosancosb1 + m sinb1) ü ï ï Fa1 = Fn(cosansinb1 – m cosb1) ý (16-24) ï ï Fr1 = Fn sinan þ Forces  acting  on  the  driven  gear  can  be calculated per Equations (16-25). Fu2 = Fa1 sinS  + Fu1 cosS ü ï ï Fa2 = Fu1 sinS  – Fa1cosS ý (16-25) ï ï Fr2 = Fr1 þ I f  t h e  S      t e r m      i n Equation  (16-25)  is  90°,  it b e c o m e s  i d e n t i c a l  t o Equation  (16-20).    Figure 16-16 presents the direction of  forces  in  a  screw  gear mesh when the shaft angle S = 90° and b1 = b2 = 45°. Fig. 16-15     The Forces in a Screw Gear Mesh Fig. 16-16     Directions of Forces in a Screw Gear Mesh Fa2 Fa1 Fu2 Fu1 b1 b2 S I I II II Pinion as Drive Gear Gear as Driven Gear I  Right-Hand Gear Pinion as Drive Gear Gear as Driven Gear II Left-Hand Gear Fa2 Fa1 Fu1 Fa2 Fu2 Fu2 Fr2 Fa1 Fu1 Fr2 Fr1 Driver Fr1 Fa2 Fa1 Fu1 Fu2 Fu2 Fr2 Fa1 Fu1 Driver Fr1 Fr1 Fr2 Fa2